Sights of Moscow

Переведите и запишите с транскрипцией  следующие слова и словосочетания:

a) cultural, scientific, research, exhibition, architectural, heart, cathedral,

unique, exhibit, associate, festivities, Mausoleum, St. Basil’s, ancient, tomb,

perpetual, without, sculpture, execution, facility;

b) a cultural and scientific center; lots of research institutes; exhibition halls;

ceremonies and national celebrations; science; architectural monuments; the heart of Moscow; St. Basil’s Cathedral; a unique collection; exhibits associated with Russian history; the Mausoleum; ancient times; a tomb of the Unknown Soldier; on the tombstone; a perpetual flame; without seeing; European painting and sculpture; the Kremlin Chimes; sport facilities.

Notes:

1. sight, n — достопримечательность

to see sights — осматривать достопримечательности

syn. to go (to do) sightseeing.

          2. to be rich in — изобиловать

The city is rich in historical monuments.

Город изобилует историческими памятниками.

3. to be situated — располагаться

The Kremlin is situated in the center o f Moscow.

Кремль расположен в центре Москвы.

4. exhibition, n — выставка

Where is the Central Exhibition Hall situated?

Где расположен Центральный выставочный зал?

to hold an exhibition — проводить выставку

exhibit, n — экспонат

5. famous, a — знаменитый

to be famous for — славиться чем-либо

Moscow is famous for its museums.

Москва славится своими музеями.

6. to be devoted to — посвящаться

Monuments arc devoted to outstanding people.

Памятники посвящены выдающимся людям.

7. remarkable, а — замечательный

The buildings o f the Kremlin arc remarkable museums.

Здания Кремля представляют собой замечтельные музеи.

8. to be named after — носить имя

Moscow University is named after M. Lomonosov.

Московский университет носит имя М. Ломоносова,

9. in front of, prep.— перед

10. opposite to, prep. — напротив

11. behind, prep. — позади

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Text

Moscow

Founded in 1147 by Yury Dolgoruky, Moscow has become the largest

political, administrative, economic and cultural center in the country. Moscow is one of the world’s scientific and arts centers. It is the seat of the Academy of Sciences of Russia, the home of many colleges, thousands of schools, lots of research institutes.

There are over 100 museums and exhibition halls, dozens of theatres, hundreds of cinemas and libraries. Moscow is rich in historical and architectural monuments.

The heart of Moscow is the Kremlin. The cathedrals, palaces, tower and

buildings of the Kremlin are remarkable museums containing unique exhibits

associated with Russian history. The Tsar Bell and the Tsar Cannon arc the sights

that attract many tourists as well.

There are many towers in the Kremlin. The Spasskaya Tower is the tallest tower and it has become one of the symbols of Moscow. Red Square is one of the most beautiful squares in the world. In the 17^th century the square was called “red” which means “beautiful” in old Slavic. The square has witnessed many historic events. Here ceremonies, national celebrations and executions took place. In the center of it you can see the Mausoleum near the Kremlin wall. On the south side of the square is St. Basil’s Cathedral. In the middle of the 16th century St. Basil’s Cathedral was built under Ivan IV (the Terrible) to celebrate the annexation of Kazan and Astrakhan. The Russian masters Posnik and Barma built this architectural masterpiece.

The monument to Minin and Pozharsky is situated in front of the Cathedral.

The monument was sculptured by Ivan Martos in classical style. It is devoted to the

victory of 1612 war against the Polish invaders.

On the cast side of the square is the largest department store of the capital. On

the north side of the square is the Historical Museum. Its collection covers the

Russian history from ancient times to the end of the 19th century.

Not far in the Alexandrovsky Garden is the tomb o f the Unknown Soldier

made o f marble. It is a holy place in Moscow. A perpetual flame bums on the

tombstone which has the following inscription: “Your name is unknown but your

heroic deed is immortal.”

Teatralnaya Square is the center of Russian theatrical culture, with the famous Bolshoy Theatre, the Maliy Theatre, which is the oldest and largest drama theatre in the country, and with the Children’s Theatre build in 1921. In the square we can see the monument to A. N. Ostrovsky in front of the Maliy Theatre, and the monument to Karl Marx in the center of the square opposite to the

Bolshoy Theatre.

Moscow is famous for its monuments. You can find here monuments to

outstanding writers, poets, scientists, revolutionaries. Perhaps, the most beautiful is

the monument to Pushkin, the great Russian poet. It is situated in the center of

Pushkinskaya Square opposite to “Rossia” cinema. There are always many people

around, some of them bring flowers to the monument.

The most popular museums in Moscow arc probably the Pushkin Fine Arts

Museum and the Tretyakov Gallery. The Pushkin Museum is situated in Volkhonka street. It has a fine collection of European painting and sculptures. The Pushkin Museum periodically holds exhibitions of the art of various countries. The Tretyakov Gallery is famous for its unique collection of Russian art. Its founder, Pavel  Tretyakov, began collecting the finest works of Russian artists in 1856. Thirty-six years later he presented the whole collection to the city of Moscow.

In the South-West of Moscow we can see a 32-storey building of Moscow

University with the monument to M. Lomonosov in front of it. The University was

named after the great Russian scientist. The University was constructed in 1949-Later in the 70-ties several new buildings were added. If you turn your back on the University, you will have a remarkable view of the capital.

Across the Moskva-river the central stadium in Luzhniki is situated, one of the biggest sport centers in Europe. There are many sport facilities in Moscow, among them arc the Olympic complex, various stadiums, a number of swimming pools.

Составьте предложения:

1. Moscow is famous for its (cultural establishments, monuments,

exhibitions halls, etc.)

2. The exhibition is devoted to (Russian painting, science and technology,

medicine, etc.)

3. One of the best sights in the Kremlin is (the Uspensky Cathedral, the

Tsar Bell, the Palace of Congresses, etc.)

4. Moscow is rich in (historical monuments, various sights, architectural

monuments, famous theatres, exhibition halls, etc.)

Ответьте на вопросы:

1. When was Moscow founded?

2. Who was it founded by?

3. Why do we call Moscow a political center? (a cultural center, a scientific

center)

4. What is the heart of Moscow?

5. What can we see in the Kremlin?

6. Do you think Red Square is the most beautiful square in the country?

7. Can you explain what the name “Red” means?

8. What is situated on Red Square?

9. What is the monument to Minin and Pozharsky devoted to?

10. Where is the Tomb of the Unknown soldier situated?

11. What is Teatralnaya Square famous for?

12. Is Moscow rich in monuments? What monuments in Moscow do you

know?

13. What are the most popular museums in Moscow?

14. Where is Moscow University situated?

15. What sport facilities arc there in Moscow?

Напишите:

1) о Москве как культурном, экономическом и научном центре;

2) об исторических достопримечательностях Москвы;

3) об архитектурных памятниках Москвы;

4) о центре Москвы.